Unit+4+Study+Guide

Test Format: The test will consist of 25 matching or multiple choice questions.

unconscious/non-conscious- sleep/dead/coma/concussion
 * I. Freud's Model of Personality and the Stages of Consciousness** - (5 - 7 questions)
 * Id -** subconscious (unknown to you), pleasure principle, wants to be satisified now, born with natural animalistic urges, born with,
 * Ego-** conscious and preconscious (presently aware of/ can become aware of easily like memories), sleep schedule, parental reality
 * Superego-** conscious and subconscious, babysitters/teachers/peers, 6 yrs. old


 * Sub-Conscious-** desires/wishes unknown to you
 * Conscious-** What is presently known at any given moment
 * Pre-Conscious-** Things we can become aware of very easily but are not presently aware of
 * Unconscious**- sleep,coma, dead, blackouts, concussion




 * II. Defense Mechanism** - (5 questions)

__Fun Practice!__ Write your answers below each example in ** red ** others can write in explanations for your answer.

1. Tom Grady of the Old England Patriots explained, “I know we’d have scored on that play. if only Steve had managed to hold onto the ball.” Projection 2. Said Toni Tomorrow, “I know my grades aren’t that great, but not everyone can get A’s. Besides, I plan to pass in all my back assignments real soon.” Compensation/ Overcompensation 3. Brent Businessperson turned down a high-paying, stressful job where his reputation might be on the line. he explained, “I’ve got no way of getting to the Houston office, and I know my wife doesn;t want to move.” Rationalization 4. Carla was so mad at Carl last night that she locked Spot outside in the freezing rain. Displacement 5. After the first time a boy showed some interest in Harriet harpoon, she imagined what he’d be like as a husband. Fantasy Mechanisms:
 * Repression-**(unconsciously)
 * Supression-**consciously
 * Rationalization**-excuses
 * Sour Grapes-**belittling what you fail to achieve
 * Sweet Lemons-**better off
 * Projection-**unconscious attribution of your negative thoughts and feelings onto others
 * Displacement-**taking emotions out on others
 * Indentification-** copying behaviors of an admirable person
 * Fantasy-** Creating a make-believe world (to avoid reality)
 * Regression-**going backwards in development
 * Compensation-** making up for negative traits by highlighting assets.
 * Sublimation-**find acceptable outlets
 * Substitution-**unacceptable/illegal outlets
 * Procrastination-** putting things off
 * Avoidance-** steering away from feelings
 * Nomadism-** Incapable of commitment
 * Denial-** refusing to accept the (less than favorable) truth
 * Undoing-** Pretending something didn't happen (while feeling guilt)

__REM sleep__: Moat important stage during sleep for your brain to re-energize. Can only dream during this stage. When in REM sleep your body is paralyze and your mind is dreaming, giving it the name paradoxical sleep. stands for Rapid Eye Movement. mentally very active. __Stage 1__: theta waves __stage 2__: Spindles, burst of mental activity and thoughts __Stage 3 and 4__: Most important stage during sleep for you body to re-energize. Get physical restorative elements of sleep because it resets all hormones and energy for the next day. Horomones and muscles reset and are resupplied
 * III. Sleeping and Dream Theory** - (7 - 9 questions)


 * The cycle for one nights sleep is called the **Circadian Rhythm** (24 hour).
 * When you are born you need the most sleep, as you start to get older the amount of sleep you need decreases.
 * Average Adult needs 8 hours of sleep
 * dream/REM cycles get longer as night progresses
 * stage 4 occurs early in the night
 * Five Cycles of sleep a night.
 * //Fun Fact:// If left in a dark room for a long period of time your body's Circadian Rhythm would naturally change to a 25 hour scale

//Sleep Disorders// __Narcolepsy:__ suddenly falling asleep without realizing it and not being able to control it, usually lasts 5-20 minutes, no cure, often triggered my intense emotion __Apnia:__ stop breathing while sleeping __Night Terrors:__ stage four of sleep __Sleep Walking:__ doing behaviors while sleeping; occurs in stage four sleep, common in children __Insomnia:__ difficulty sleeping --> related to stress and anxiety (affects 54% or more of Americans)

Sleep Stratergies:
 * exercise regularly in late afternoon
 * keep to regular schedule
 * only use bed for sleeping
 * avoid watching tv in bed
 * dimmer

//Dreams//
 * Freud**
 * Dreams try to send a message
 * __Manifest Content:__ message is literally in the dream, what is literally in dream
 * __Latent Content:__ message is hidden or masked, open for interpretation
 * REM sleep helps to create new neuro connectors, sort though our daily life
 * biological approach**
 * dreams are story we we create to make sense of electrical signals
 * dreams help us sort through senses of every day


 * IV. Hypnosis** - (2-3 questions)
 * Suggestions to a more relaxed state
 * Can only be hypnotized if you want to be

__Psychoactive Drug:__ Any chemical that enters the body and affects brain chemistry; impacts senses, emotions, ect __Physical Addiction:__ Reaction to a withdrawl, a person with a physical addiction will need a drug to stay normal __Pyschological Addiction:__ People enjoy the experience and want to keep it; may experience it with a group of people and want to stay with that group __Stimulant:__ Bring you up; speed (examples: cocaine, nicotine) __Depressent:__ Bring you down; slow, ex) alcohol __Hallucigen:__ Distorts sensory information (example: LSD) 1943 Albert Hoffman first described experiences with LSD 1960s Timothy Leerys encouraged students to use LSD to gain insight, creativity -not a high level of physical addiction
 * V. Drugs -** (6-8 questions)

__Homework__ textbook reading (138-142) article on what dreams mean completed psych sim. (started in class online)
 * Binder Check**

__In Class__ Notes: Freud's iceberg model States of Conciousness Sleep (stages) Dream Theory Discovering Psych Video: The mind awake and asleep (video questions) Defense Mechanisms Handout